Oil & Gas Extraction — profit margin & cost structure (U.S.)

For the U.S. oil & gas extraction industry, IRS tax data shows an estimated 12.0% net margin on an owner-operator basis (national, sole proprietorships, tax year 2023). That figure — what a self-employed owner keeps per sales dollar before paying themselves — is the number this page exists to report; read the note below on how it's measured.

12.0%net margin · owner-operator basis

National as of tax year 2023 Moderate confidence source ↗

Owner-operator basis (IRS SOI sole proprietorships, TY2023): net income less deficit ÷ business receipts, at NAICS 211 (Oil & Gas Extraction). Sole-proprietor labor is not expensed, so this overstates corporate-style profit.

Cost structure

National, from IRS Statistics of Income (weighted sample). Where a component is not separately reported, it is shown as insufficient data — never estimated.

Component	Value
Cost of goods sold (% of receipts)	27.9%	National source ↗
Labor / officer compensation (% of receipts)	3.8%	National source ↗

Business size distribution (national)

Share of U.S. oil & gas extraction establishments by number of employees (Census County Business Patterns, 2023). 62% have fewer than 5 employees.

1–4 emp3,211 (62%)

5–9 emp727 (14%)

10–19 emp500 (10%)

20–49 emp428 (8%)

50–99 emp169 (3%)

100+ emp170 (3%)

Where this industry operates — all 38 states

Establishment counts, employment, and wages are available for free elsewhere too (e.g. Data USA). States ordered by number of establishments — pick one for local context:

Full cost-structure breakdown by business-size class and side-by-side industry comparison are available to subscribers. This page shows the current-year national headline plus the multi-year establishment trend.

Frequently asked

What is the average profit margin for oil & gas extraction businesses?

About 12.0% net margin on an owner-operator basis (national, IRS SOI sole proprietorships, tax year 2023). This counts the owner's own labor as profit, so it overstates corporate-style margin — see the note above.

How many oil & gas extraction businesses are there in the U.S.?

5,205 establishments with paid employees (Census County Business Patterns, 2023).

What is the average wage in the oil & gas extraction industry?

$4,128 per week (BLS QCEW 2024, private sector) — about $214,656/year.

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machine-readable JSON · NAICS 211

Related industries

Mining (except Oil & Gas)Mining, Quarrying, and Oil & Gas Extraction Support Activities for Mining